Vaccine
The vaccine should provide protection against any natural-contact challenge, i.e. it should prevent clinical signs and re-excretion of the virus. The efficacy of vaccination should be shown experimentally by studies in which transmission of wild-type virus in vaccinated groups of pigs is studied. The protective effect of vaccination should be achieved within the shortest possible period and ideally less than 2 weeks. A fast and reliable protection should preferably be obtained after one single application. Furthermore, it should be ensured that infection of vaccinated pregnant sows does not lead to transplacental infection and the birth of litters congenitally infected with CSFV. Duration of immunity should be at least 6 months. Many different marker vaccines for CSF are under development, and two have been registered in the EU. Both are subunit vaccines that employ the E2 glycoprotein of CSFV as an immunogen and have been subject to independent assessment (9, 32). The E2 subunit is produced by insect cells that are infected by genetically modified baculovirus, which contains the E2 gene of CSFV. The vaccines, therefore, do not contain any CSFV, while the baculo (vector) virus is chemically inactivated. The final preparations are adjuvanted with mineral oils to form a double (water/oil/water), or a single (water in oil) emulsion. Several studies of the ability of these E2 DIVA vaccines to prevent horizontal(水平或稱同群傳播) and vertical(垂直或稱母源傳播) transmission have given conflicting results(數項結果仍有爭議) (源自下列報告).多篇研究有關E2 DIVA疫苗在預防水平及垂直傳染方面的數項結果仍有爭議.
BLOME S., MEINDL-BOHMER A., LOEFFEN W., THUER B. & MOENNIG V. (2006). Assessment of classical swine fever diagnostics and vaccine performance. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz., 25, 1025–1038.